Roots

Dated claims

40 published claims dated inside this era, each with its source

1. 1536-01-01Parque Lezama · described as: Primera fundación de Buenos Aires (1536): the Querandíes, who first fed the camp, stopped doing so after mistreatment, besieged it and in December 1536 breached its defences and burned it; the roughly 350 settlers left for Asunción in June 1541.

   source

2. 1536-01-01Parque Lezama, Buenos Aires · described as: Querandí siege of the first Buenos Aires: The Querandí attack the first settlement; hunger and fighting empty it.

   source

3. 1536-02-01Parque Lezama, Buenos Aires · described as: First founding of Buenos Aires by Pedro de Mendoza: Pedro de Mendoza founds Nuestra Señora Santa María del Buen Ayre on the Río de la Plata; it is abandoned within five years.

   source

4. 1536-02-03Parque Lezama · described as: Primera fundación de Buenos Aires (1536): Pedro de Mendoza founded Santa María del Buen Aire on the south bank of the Río de la Plata in early February 1536 (3 February is the official date). Some historians place it at the 'Puntas de Buenos Aires', where this park stands, though the exact site is debated.

   source

5. 1537-08-15Asunción · described as: Founding of Asunción: The settlement that becomes the base for colonizing the Río de la Plata.

   source

6. 1541-01-01Parque Lezama, Buenos Aires · described as: Abandonment of the first Buenos Aires: The settlers withdraw to Asunción and the first Buenos Aires is burned.

   source

7. 1562-01-01San Juan (Argentina) · described as: Founding of San Juan: Juan Jufré founds San Juan de la Frontera.

   source

8. 1573-07-06Córdoba (Argentina) · described as: Founding of Córdoba: Jerónimo Luis de Cabrera founds Córdoba de la Nueva Andalucía.

   source

9. 1573-11-15Santa Fe (Argentina) · described as: Founding of Santa Fe: Juan de Garay founds Santa Fe de la Vera Cruz.

   source

10. 1580-01-01Plaza de Mayo, Buenos Aires · described as: Second founding of Buenos Aires by Juan de Garay: Garay founds the Ciudad de la Trinidad and Puerto de Santa María de los Buenos Aires; the city has not moved since.

    source

11. 1580-06-11Plaza de Mayo · described as: Segunda fundación de Buenos Aires (1580): Juan de Garay founded the Ciudad de la Trinidad and port of Santa María de los Buenos Ayres on 11 June 1580, planted the 'árbol de justicia', set up a cabildo and shared land among 63 settlers; the city's main square was a 140-vara square, the Plaza Mayor.

    source

12. 1580-06-11Plaza de Mayo · described as: Garay's expedition left Asunción on 9 March 1580 and reached the mouth of the Riachuelo on 29 May; the settlement was built somewhat north of Mendoza's of 1536.

    source

13. 1593-04-19San Salvador de Jujuy · described as: Founding of San Salvador de Jujuy: Francisco de Argañaraz founds the city.

    source

14. 1594-01-01San Luis (Argentina) · described as: Founding of San Luis: Luis Jufré de Loaysa founds San Luis.

    source

15. 1602-01-01Plaza de Mayo · described as: Buenos Aires colonial: the city grew from about 500 people around 1602 to about 3,000 by the mid-17th century and about 40,000 by 1810; for centuries it lived off illegal trade, mostly with Brazil, paid largely in hides, because the Crown favoured the Pacific ports.

    source

16. 1608-01-01Manzana de las Luces · described as: Manzana de las Luces: the Jesuits arrived in 1608 and began the San Ignacio church in 1686; they were expelled in 1767. Under the viceroyalty the block housed the Real Colegio San Carlos, the Real Imprenta de Niños Expósitos and the Protomedicato, a cultural centre of the colonial city.

    source

17. 1613-01-01Córdoba (Argentina) · described as: Founding of the University of Córdoba (Jesuit college): The Jesuit college that becomes Argentina's oldest university begins teaching.

    source

18. 1680-01-01Colonia del Sacramento · described as: Founding of Colonia del Sacramento by Portugal: Portugal plants a fortified town opposite Buenos Aires, a smuggling port for decades.

    source

19. 1683-01-01San Fernando del Valle de Catamarca · described as: Founding of Catamarca: The city is founded in the Valle de Catamarca.

    source

20. 1725-01-01Cabildo de Buenos Aires · described as: Building of the Cabildo of Buenos Aires: The town hall on the Plaza Mayor is begun and finished by 1765.

    source

21. 1725-07-23Cabildo de Buenos Aires · described as: The Cabildo, founded as an institution by Garay in 1580, had its new building started on 23 July 1725; it also housed the Real Audiencia (1661–1812) and the city jail until 1877.

    source

22. 1726-01-01Montevideo · described as: Founding of Montevideo: Spain founds Montevideo as the counterweight to Colonia.

    source

23. 1754-01-01Misiones jesuíticas de San Ignacio Miní · described as: Guaraní War: Guaraní of the Jesuit missions resist the transfer of seven reductions to Portugal under the Treaty of Madrid.

    source

24. 1772-01-01Real Colegio de San Carlos, Buenos Aires · described as: Foundation of the Real Colegio de San Carlos: Viceroy Vértiz converts the Jesuit college into the Real Colegio de San Carlos; the later Colegio Nacional.

    source

25. 1776-01-01Casa Rosada (Fuerte de Buenos Aires) · described as: Capital del Virreinato del Río de la Plata (1776): when the viceroyalty was created Buenos Aires became its capital. The site was the Real Fortaleza de San Juan Baltasar de Austria (1594), seat of governors and viceroys, later the Casa Rosada.

    source

26. 1776-08-01Fuerte de Buenos Aires (Casa Rosada site) · described as: Creation of the Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata: Charles III makes Buenos Aires the capital of a new viceroyalty; Pedro de Cevallos is the first viceroy.

    source

27. 1777-10-01Colonia del Sacramento · described as: Treaty of San Ildefonso: Spain and Portugal settle the Río de la Plata frontier; Spain keeps Colonia and the Banda Oriental.

    source

28. 1778-10-12Buenos Aires · described as: Free Trade Regulation opens Buenos Aires to Spanish ports: Trade between Spain and the American ports is opened; Buenos Aires gains weight as a port.

    source

29. 1779-04-22Carmen de Patagones · described as: Founding of Carmen de Patagones: Francisco de Viedma founds the southernmost Spanish settlement.

    source

30. 1780-01-01Manzana de las Luces, Buenos Aires · described as: First printing press in Buenos Aires (Niños Expósitos): The press that printed the Telégrafo Mercantil and the first Argentine books.

    source

31. 1783-11-30Buenos Aires · described as: Casa de Comedias (Teatro de la Ranchería): Buenos Aires gets its first permanent theatre, built under Viceroy Vértiz.

    source

32. 1801-04-01Buenos Aires · described as: Telégrafo Mercantil, first newspaper of Buenos Aires: The first newspaper of the Río de la Plata, edited by Francisco Cabello y Mesa.

    source

33. 1803-01-01Plaza de Mayo · described as: The Recova, a commercial gallery finished in 1803, split the square in two; it was demolished in 1884 under intendente Torcuato de Alvear, uniting the plaza, which since then is called Plaza de Mayo.

    source

34. 1806-01-01Convento de Santo Domingo · described as: Invasiones inglesas: captured British flags were displayed as war trophies in the Santo Domingo convent in 1806; in 1807 Craufurd entrenched here and fought on until after three in the afternoon of 5 July.

    source

35. 1806-01-01Plaza de Mayo · described as: Consecuencias de las invasiones inglesas: urban militias raised the power of criollo military leaders; the article calls the invasions 'uno de los catalizadores de la causa emancipadora' and the immediate precedent of the May Revolution.

    source

36. 1806-01-01Buenos Aires · described as: Río de la Plata viceroy Sobremonte flees Buenos Aires: The viceroy leaves for Córdoba as the British land, discrediting Spanish rule.

    source

37. 1806-06-01Fuerte de Buenos Aires (Casa Rosada site) · described as: British invasion of Buenos Aires: William Carr Beresford takes Buenos Aires; it is retaken on 12 August 1806.

    source

38. 1806-08-12Fuerte de Buenos Aires (Casa Rosada site) · described as: Reconquista of Buenos Aires under Liniers: Liniers leads the reconquest of the city from the British.

    source

39. 1807-01-01Cabildo de Buenos Aires · described as: Santiago de Liniers elected viceroy by the Cabildo: The first time a viceroy is chosen by the city rather than appointed from Madrid.

    source

40. 1807-07-05Plaza de Mayo · described as: Segunda invasión inglesa y Defensa (1807): on 5 July 1807 Whitelocke sent his troops into the city in 12 columns ordered not to fire until the Plaza de la Victoria (today Plaza de Mayo); neighbours resisted from houses and barricades and Liniers obtained a capitulation on 7 July. British losses: 311 dead, 679 wounded and 1,808 captured or missing (Marley).

    source